Bed bug vacuuming has become a routine method used by pest control companies around the world in the treatment of bed bugs.
Bed Bug Vacuuming by Pest Control Worker

While vacuuming seems like it should be a normal household worker function, it is not as simple as it sounds. Pest control workers deal with bed bugs on a regular basis nowadays and they are trained to understand the behaviors and hiding places of bed bugs. Vacuuming will not necessarily remove all bed bugs and bed bug eggs from the deepest cracks and crevices where bed bugs hide. Bed bug eggs adhere to surfaces and may not easily be extracted with a vacuum. It is likely that some form of long-lasting pesticide will be required to support long-term control and elimination of any bed bugs that have not been picked up by the vacuum.
The primary advantage of vacuuming is that it is a poison-free method for treatment for bed bugs that uses technology that is common knowledge. Again, knowledge of the equipment does not mean successful results. That is why you call in a professional pest control company. Also, as shown in the above photo, there are vacuums specially designed for use with bed bugs.
In the past it was required to use a strong cocktail of pesticides to treat bed bugs. Vacuuming is an excellent way to reduce pesticide usage when treating bed bugs and reduce the time that is required before residents or occupants can re-enter the premises. This goes a long way toward reducing the trauma, expense and liability associated with bed bug treatments.
Vacuuming of bed bugs supports efforts to combat the development of bed bug resistance to pesticides and avoids the issue of bed bug resistance during treatment. One critical advantage of vacuuming compared to other poison-free methods of treating bed bugs (heating, freezing and steaming), is that the evidence of bed bugs is removed. A common expression in the pest control industry is "We can´t kill them twice." Nevertheless, the very presence of bed bugs, even dead ones, may cause the occupant to call back the contracted pest control company or management firm. Not only does the resident want to see the bed bugs dead; but they want to see them gone! Only vacuuming will accomplish this.
Please be advised that it will still be necessary to properly prepare for the bed bug treatment and plans will need to be make to ensure that the residents do not re-infest the structure once they return after the treatment.